SQL,PostgreSQL, Database RDBMS, Sql NoSql farqi

Database nima?

Database (ma’lumotlar bazasi) — bu ma’lumotlarni saqlash, boshqarish va qayta ishlash uchun joy.

Masalan, telefoningizdagi kontaktlar ro‘yxati ham kichik ma’lumotlar bazasi.

Internet-do‘kon saytida esa foydalanuvchilar, buyurtmalar,…


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by Elshod Ibodullayev

  1. Database nima?

Database (ma’lumotlar bazasi) — bu ma’lumotlarni saqlash, boshqarish va qayta ishlash uchun joy.

Masalan, telefoningizdagi kontaktlar ro‘yxati ham kichik ma’lumotlar bazasi.

Internet-do‘kon saytida esa foydalanuvchilar, buyurtmalar, mahsulotlar — hammasi ma’lumotlar bazasida saqlanadi.

👉 Demak, database = katta elektron daftar.

  1. RDBMS nima? RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) — bu relatsion ma’lumotlar bazasi boshqaruv tizimi.

Relatsion degani = ma’lumotlar jadval (table) ko‘rinishida saqlanadi.

Har bir jadvalda qator (row) va ustun (column) bo‘ladi.

Id Name Age
1 Ali 20
2 Dilnoz 22

RDBMS misollari: SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle.

3. SQL va NoSQL farqi

SQL (RDBMS)

  • Jadval ko‘rinishida (rows, columns) saqlanadi.
  • Qattiq struktura (schema) bo‘ladi.
  • Kuchli JOIN va transaction qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi.
  • Misollar: SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL.

NoSQL

  • Jadval emas, balki hujjat, kalit-qiymat, grafik kabi formatlarda saqlaydi.
  • Qattiq schema yo‘q → moslashuvchan.
  • Juda katta hajmdagi ma’lumotlarda (Big Data) yaxshi ishlaydi.
  • Misollar: MongoDB (document), Redis (key-value).

👉 Esda qolarli:

  • SQL = an’anaviy daftar (qatordan-ustunlardan iborat)
  • NoSQL = shaxsiy daftar (kim qanday yozsa, shunday turadi)
Xususiyat SQL (RDBMS) NoSQL
Ma’lumot formati Jadval (rows va columns) Hujjat, kalit-qiymat, grafik, columnar
Schema Qattiq (oldindan belgilangan) Moslashuvchan (schema-less)
Moslik Murakkab JOIN va transaction’lar Katta hajm, tezkor va kengayuvchan
Kengayish Vertical scaling (serverni kuchaytirish) Horizontal scaling (ko‘p server qo‘shish)
Qo‘llanish sohasi An’anaviy ilovalar, moliya, ERP, CRM Big Data, real-time analytics, IoT
Misollar SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra, Neo4j


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by Elshod Ibodullayev


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